Jewelry Saw Blades:
The Ultimate Guide for Precision Cutting in 2024
When it comes to jewelry making, particularly in silversmithing, goldsmithing, and metalsmithing, selecting the right saw blades is crucial for achieving precision and efficiency in your work.
Here’s a detailed overview of the best saw blades to use, when to use them, and how to use them effectively.
Types of Jewelry Saw Blades
Sizes and Grades
Jewelry saw blades come in various sizes and grades, which are determined by the number of teeth per centimeter.
The general rule is that you should have at least two teeth of the blade in contact with the material you are cutting.
Here are some common blade sizes and their recommended uses:
Coarse Blades (4 to 2/0):
Best for cutting thicker metals or straight cuts.
For example, a 2/0 blade is suitable for cutting silver.
Medium Blades (1/0 to 3/0):
These are versatile and can handle a range of materials, ideal for general use.
Fine Blades (4/0 to 8/0):
Suitable for delicate work, such as cutting intricate shapes or thin metals.
A 4/0 blade is often recommended for fine detail work.
Understanding what size jeweller's saw blade to use
Two teeth of the blade
The grade of a saw blade is determined by the amount of teeth it has per cm. That means, a blade with more teeth will be finer as they have to be smaller to fit into the space along the shaft and vice versa.
So what are the best jewellers saw blades for your project?
Fine blades are better suited to thinner metal, and coarser ones are recommended for thicker metal as you can see from the chart below.
As a general rule, you are aiming to encompass two teeth of the blade within the thickness of your metal.
Jeweller's saw blades sizing chart
Wondering what size jeweller's saw blade to use?
We’ve made it easy to match your tools to your metal with our jeweller’s saw blades sizing chart – breaking each grade down into detailed specifications.
Saw Blade Grade | Blade Thickness (mm) | Blade Width (mm) | Blade Length (mm) | Teeth per cm | Corresponding Drill Size (mm) | Suitable Metal Gauge (mm) | Best For | Cutting Speed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grade 4 (Coarse) | 0.38 | 0.8 | 130 | 15 | 0.8 | 1.0 – 1.3 | Thick metals, straight cuts | Fast |
Grade 3 | 0.36 | 0.74 | 130 | 16 | 0.8 | 0.9 – 1.2 | Thick to medium metals | Fast |
Grade 2 | 0.34 | 0.71 | 130 | 17.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 – 1.1 | Medium metals | Moderate |
Grade 1 | 0.3 | 0.63 | 130 | 19 | 0.7 | 0.8 – 1.0 | Medium metals | Moderate |
Grade 0 (1/0) | 0.28 | 0.58 | 130 | 20 | 0.6 | 0.6 – 0.95 | Medium to thin metals | Moderate |
Grade 2/0 | 0.26 | 0.52 | 130 | 22 | 0.55 | 0.6 – 0.8 | Silver | Moderate to Slow |
Grade 3/0 | 0.24 | 0.48 | 130 | 23.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 – 0.7 | Gold, Platinum | Slow |
Grade 4/0 | 0.22 | 0.44 | 130 | 26.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 – 0.6 | Fine detail work | Very Slow |
Grade 5/0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 130 | 28 | 0.4 | 0.4 – 0.55 | Very fine detail work | Very Slow |
Grade 6/0 | 0.18 | 0.35 | 130 | 32 | 0.4 | 0.35 – 0.5 | Extremely fine detail work | Extremely Slow |
Grade 8/0 (Finest) | 0.17 | 0.3 | 130 | 30 | 0.3 | Up to 0.4 | Extremely fine detail work | Extremely Slow |
Saw blades are graded from 4 (coarsest) to 8/0 (finest) – this gives you 11 different sizes to choose from, which might seem a little daunting at first.
However, you can purchase mixed selection packs which is a good place to start, as they contain numerous jeweller’s saw blade sizes that you can use for various projects.
Or alternatively, choosing a saw blade that is somewhere in the middle, such as a Grade 2/0 or Grade 0 (1/0), will stand you in good stead.
Most are sold in bundles of 12 which initially seems a lot, but most beginners get through a lot when learning to saw so it’s best to stock up.
Recommended Blade Sizes for Specific Metals
Gold
Use a 3/0 blade.
Silver
Opt for a 2/0 blade.
Platinum
A 3/0 blade is recommended for the best results.
Copper
Use a 2/0 or 1/0 blade, depending on the thickness of the copper sheet.
Brass
Opt for a 1/0 or 0 blade, as brass is generally harder than copper.
When working with copper and brass, keep in mind that these metals can be slightly more abrasive than precious metals like gold and silver. It’s a good idea to have extra blades on hand, as they may wear out more quickly when cutting these materials.
When to Use Specific Blades
Choosing the right blade
Choosing the right blade for your jewelry project is crucial for achieving the best results.
Here’s a more detailed guide on when to use specific blades:
Thicker Metals
(Coarse Blades: 4 to 2/0)
- Use coarser blades for cutting through thicker metal sheets or wire.
- These blades are ideal for straight cuts or when you need to remove a large amount of material quickly.
- Example: Use a grade 2 blade for cutting 18-gauge (1mm) sheet metal.
Medium Thickness
Metals
(Medium Blades: 1/0 to 3/0)
- These versatile blades are suitable for general-purpose cutting in most jewelry-making tasks.
- They work well for cutting curves and moderately intricate shapes.
- Example: Use a 2/0 blade for cutting 20-gauge (0.8mm) silver sheet.
Thin Metals and Intricate Designs
(Fine Blades: 4/0 to 8/0)
- Fine blades are essential for detailed work, such as cutting filigree patterns or very thin metal sheets.
- They allow for tight curves and precise shapes without distorting the metal.
- Example: Use a 6/0 blade for cutting delicate patterns in 24-gauge (0.5mm) gold sheet.
Internal Cuts
- For cutting shapes within a piece (like a hollow center in a pendant), start with a pre-drilled hole.
- Choose a blade size based on the intricacy of the internal design and the thickness of the metal.
- Example: Use a 4/0 blade for cutting an intricate internal design in 22-gauge (0.6mm) copper sheet.
Mixed Metal Projects
- When working with multiple metals in one project, choose a blade size that suits the thickest metal you’ll be cutting.
- Keep in mind that harder metals like brass may require a slightly coarser blade than you’d use for precious metals of the same thickness.
Adjusting for Material Hardness
- Softer metals like pure gold or fine silver may allow for a finer blade than you’d typically use for that thickness.
- Harder metals like platinum or some alloys may require a slightly coarser blade to prevent excessive wear and breakage.
Remember, these are guidelines. As you gain experience, you’ll develop a feel for which blades work best for your specific projects and working style.
How to Use a Jewelry Saw
Preparation
- Choose the Right Blade: Select a blade based on the thickness and type of metal you are cutting.
- Attach the Blade: Insert the blade into the saw frame with the teeth facing towards the handle. Ensure it is tight enough to produce a high-pitched sound when plucked.
- Lubricate the Blade: Apply beeswax or Blade lube to the blade to reduce friction and prevent it from breaking. Note: Using your own spit works also, but it is the most unhygienic method.
Want to learn more about Jewelry and Jewelry Making?
Join us for a Jewelry Making Workshop!
Cutting Techniques
Be efficient and precise
Mastering proper cutting techniques is essential for efficient and precise jewelry making. Here’s an expanded guide on cutting techniques:
1. Proper Saw Frame Handling
- Grip:
Hold the saw frame with your dominant hand, gripping it firmly but not too tightly. Your index finger should rest along the top of the handle for better control. - Arm Position:
Keep your elbow close to your body to maintain stability and control. - Saw Angle:
Hold the saw at a 90-degree angle to the bench pin for most cuts. This ensures the blade cuts straight through the metal.
2. Blade Insertion and Tension
- Direction:
Insert the blade with the teeth pointing away from the handle. This allows the saw to cut on the downstroke. - Tension:
Tighten the blade until it produces a high “Ting” note when plucked gently with your finger or fingernail. Proper tension prevents blade wandering and breakage.
3. Starting the Cut
- Marking:
Always mark your cutting line clearly on the metal before starting. - Initial Angle:
Begin cutting at a slight angle (about 45 degrees) and with a backwards motion to allow the blade to bite into the metal a bit. - Transition:
Once the cut is started, gradually bring the saw to a vertical position.
4. Cutting Motion
- Stroke Length:
Use long, smooth strokes that utilize the entire length of the blade. This distributes wear evenly and prolongs blade life. - Speed:
Maintain a steady, moderate speed. Cutting too fast can lead to blade breakage, while cutting too slow can cause the blade to bind. - Pressure:
Apply light, consistent downward pressure. Let the blade do the work – excessive forward force can lead to breakage or inaccurate cuts.
5. Turning Corners
- Pivot Point:
When approaching a corner, reduce your stroke length and use the blade as a pivot point. - Rotation:
Slowly rotate the metal (Not the Saw!) around the blade while continuing to saw. This allows for smooth, curved cuts. - Sharp Corners:
For very sharp corners, you will have to continue the cutting motion in place, as you rotate the metal slowly, allowing the blade to cut a small “circle” for the blade to turn.
6. Lubricating the Blade
- Beeswax Application:
Regularly apply beeswax or BladeLube to the blade by running it through a block of wax. - Benefits:
Lubrication reduces friction, prevents overheating, and extends blade life.
7. Dealing with Blade Binding
- Recognition:
If the blade starts to bind or feels stuck, stop sawing immediately. Do not tilt the saw to the sides or the saw will break. - Solution:
Gently back the blade out of the cut it the same arm motion going backwards. Apply more lubricant and ensure you’re not applying too much pressure.
8. Safety Considerations
- Eye Protection:
Always wear safety goggles to protect your eyes from metal particles. - Lighting:
Ensure your work area is well-lit to reduce eye strain and improve accuracy. - Dust Control:
Use a mask or proper ventilation when working with metals that produce harmful dust.
9. Practice and Patience
- Start Simple:
Begin with straight cuts on scrap metal before progressing to curves and complex shapes. - Consistency:
Regular practice will improve your control and efficiency. - Observe:
Pay attention to the sound and feel of the saw as you cut. This will help you intuitively understand when you’re using the correct technique. Moreover, look from above when cutting and not from the sides, this will prevent going too from your drawn line work.
By mastering these techniques, you’ll be able to tackle increasingly complex jewelry designs with confidence and precision.
Remember, every jeweler develops their own style over time, so don’t be afraid to adapt these techniques to what works best for you.
Blade Maintenance
Regularly check the tension of the blade and replace it as needed.
Blades will stretch, loose teeth and overall wear out and break depending on time and quality, especially when cutting intricate designs or thicker materials.
Being patient and attentive to the cutting process will minimize breakage and improve your results.
By understanding the types of blades available, knowing when to use them, and employing proper techniques, you can significantly enhance your jewelry-making skills and achieve professional-quality results.
Recommended Durable Saw Blades
1. Vallorbe Saw Blades
Vallorbe Glardon is a well-respected Swiss brand known for its high-quality saw blades.
Made from fine-grade steel, these blades are designed to be flexible and uniform, which helps prevent breakage. Their latest generation features advanced manufacturing techniques that enhance cutting accuracy and efficiency.
Vallorbe blades are particularly favored for their durability and are a go-to choice for many jewelers.
2. Super Pike Saw Blades
Another Swiss brand, Super Pike blades are noted for their rounded back, which improves maneuverability and accuracy during cutting.
They undergo a heat treatment process that increases their durability and hardness, making them suitable for frequent use.
Additionally, a special coating reduces resistance, contributing to their longevity.
3. Cooksongold Saw Blades
Cooksongold offers a range of saw blades that provide excellent value for money without sacrificing quality.
Manufactured in Germany from hardened and tempered steel, these blades are strong, sharp, and flexible.
They are available in bulk, making them a convenient option for jewelers who require frequent replacements.
4. Rio Grande Lazer Gold Blades
These blades are praised for their longevity and resistance to breakage.
They maintain sharpness over extended periods, making them ideal for jewelers who cut through tougher materials like bronze and stainless steel.
Users have reported that these blades outperform many other brands in terms of durability.
5. Hercules Blades
Hercules blades are also recommended for their durability, particularly for cutting thicker metals.
While they may not be as widely recognized as Vallorbe or Super Pike, they are noted for their resilience in demanding applications.
Sources: Cooksongold – Instructables – Kernowcraft – bladesmithsforum – orchid.ganoksin – jewellersacademy – alexmakina
Additional Questions Answered
How do I know if I'm using the right blade for the thickness of my metal?
As a general rule, you want to have at least two teeth of the blade in contact with the metal you’re cutting. Refer to the saw blade sizing chart to match the thickness of your metal with the appropriate blade grade.
What's the best way to maintain and store jewelry saw blades?
To maintain your saw blades, regularly check the tension and replace them as needed. Blades will wear out, especially when cutting intricate designs or thicker materials. Store them in a dry, protected environment to prevent rust and damage.
Are there specific blades for cutting different types of metals like silver or gold?
Yes, there are recommended blade sizes for different metals:
- Gold: Use a 3/0 blade
- Silver: Opt for a 2/0 blade
- Platinum: A 3/0 blade is recommended
How do I prevent my jewelry saw blades from breaking easily?
To prevent blade breakage, use a light grip and let the saw do the work. Excessive pressure can lead to breakage. Also, be sure to select the appropriate blade size for the thickness of the metal you’re cutting. Proper lubrication with beeswax can help reduce friction and extend the blade’s lifespan.
What are the key features to look for in a durable jewelry saw blade?
Look for saw blades made from high-quality, fine-grade steel that are designed to be flexible and uniform. Features like a rounded back (as seen in Super Pike blades) and specialized heat treatment processes can also enhance durability and hardness.
How does the heat treatment process improve the durability of saw blades?
The heat treatment process, as seen in brands like Super Pike, increases the hardness and overall durability of the saw blades. By subjecting the blades to controlled heating and cooling, the steel undergoes structural changes that make it more resistant to wear, deformation, and breakage when used for frequent, demanding cutting tasks.
How to do your own heat treatment process on Jewelry Saw Blades?
While it’s generally recommended to use professionally heat-treated blades, some jewelers experiment with their own heat treatment processes. Here’s a basic method, but please note that this should be done with caution as improper heat treatment can damage or weaken the blades:
- Safety First: Wear heat-resistant gloves and eye protection. Perform this process in a well-ventilated area.
- Prepare the Blades: Clean the blades thoroughly to remove any oils or debris.
- Heating:
- Use a propane or butane torch to heat the blades.
- Heat the blades until they reach a cherry-red color (approximately 1400°F or 760°C).
- Maintain this temperature for about 30 seconds to 1 minute.
- Quenching:
- Quickly immerse the heated blade in room temperature oil (use a high-temperature oil like peanut oil).
- Move the blade gently in the oil to ensure even cooling.
- Tempering:
- After the blade has cooled completely, clean it and reheat it to about 300-400°F (150-200°C).
- Maintain this temperature for about 10-15 minutes.
- Let the blade cool slowly in air.
- Testing:
- After the blade has cooled, test its hardness by trying to file it. A properly hardened blade should resist filing.
- Finishing:
- Clean the blade and apply a light coat of oil to prevent rust.
Important Notes:
- This process requires practice and precision. Results may vary, and there’s a risk of making the blades too brittle or soft.
- Different types of steel may require different temperatures and cooling methods.
- Many jewelers prefer to leave heat treatment to professionals to ensure consistent quality and performance.
- Attempting your own heat treatment may void any warranty on the blades.
Remember, while DIY heat treatment can be an interesting experiment for experienced metalworkers, for most jewelry applications, it’s safer and more reliable to use professionally manufactured and heat-treated blades.